AMusical genreIndependent states
Aitys
An improvised duel between two akyn poets accompanied by the dombra, shared by Kazakhs and Kyrgyz. UNESCO heritage since 2015.
In an aitys two akyns answer each other in turn before an audience, composing verse on the spot. Humour, quick wit and deep thought are needed all at once; the one who runs out of words loses. The art is very close to the deyishme of Azerbaijani ashiqs.
Akyns could openly criticise social ills and officials, so for centuries aitys was seen as the voice of the people. The duel between Birzhan Sal and the girl Sara is the most famous classic.
"Aitysh/Aitys, art of improvisation" was inscribed on the UNESCO list in 2015 on the joint nomination of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. Today aitys contests are broadcast on television and fill large halls.
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Updated: October 2, 2026