APersonIndependent states
Jahan Shah
Qara Qoyunlu ruler (1438-1467): he extended the state from Iraq to Herat, built the Blue Mosque in Tabriz and wrote Turkic poetry under the pen name Haqiqi.
Jahan Shah was the son of the Qara Qoyunlu ruler Qara Yusuf. In the struggle with his brothers for the throne he won the support of the Timurid Shahrukh and in 1438 came to power in Tabriz. After Shahrukh's death he took Persian Iraq, Fars, Kerman and, briefly in 1458, Herat, the widest extent of the Qara Qoyunlu state.
Jahan Shah wrote poetry in Azerbaijani Turkic and Persian under the pen name Haqiqi. Under the patronage of his wife Jan Begum Khatun the Blue Mosque was built in Tabriz in 1465. In 1467, during a campaign against the Aq Qoyunlu ruler Uzun Hasan, he was killed in a surprise attack near Muş.
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Updated: November 12, 2026