Bayezid I

Bayezid was proclaimed sultan on the battlefield of Kosovo in 1389 after his father Murad I was killed there. He annexed most of the Anatolian beyliks, took all of Bulgaria in the Balkans and in 1394 laid siege to Constantinople.

In 1396 at Nicopolis he routed a great crusading army led by King Sigismund of Hungary. But his clash with Timur brought disaster: on 28 July 1402 he was defeated and captured at the Battle of Ankara, and he died in captivity at Akşehir in 1403. The Ottoman state then entered the eleven-year Interregnum.