Saraychik

Saraychik arose in the 13th century on the Ural river, on the caravan road between the Volga and Central Asia. Under the Golden Horde it struck coins and had mosques, caravanserais and craftsmen's quarters. According to the sources several Golden Horde khans were buried here.

In the 15th-16th centuries Saraychik was the capital of the Nogai Horde. In 1580 the Yaik Cossacks burned the city and it was never rebuilt. Today the Atyrau region of Kazakhstan has a Saraychik protected area and a memorial complex to the khans.