APresident · 1950 – 1960Independent states
Celâl Bayar
Türkiye's third president (1883–1986), a founder of the Democrat Party, removed from office by the 1960 coup.
An economist, Celâl Bayar founded İş Bankası in 1924 and was prime minister in 1937–1939. In 1946 he co-founded the Democrat Party and was elected president after the 1950 election.
Removed by the military coup of 27 May 1960, he was tried and sentenced to death, commuted to life imprisonment, and later released. He died in 1986 aged 103.
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Updated: October 4, 2026