AHistoryIndependent states
Independence and neutrality of Turkmenistan
Independence was declared on 27 October 1991, and on 12 December 1995 the UN recognised Turkmenistan's permanent neutrality.
The Turkmen SSR declared sovereignty in August 1990, and after a referendum in October 1991 Turkmenistan became an independent state on 27 October 1991.
On 12 December 1995 the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution recognising Turkmenistan's permanent neutrality, the cornerstone of its foreign policy; 12 December is celebrated as Neutrality Day.
Since 2018 Independence Day has been celebrated on 27 September, while 18 May is Constitution and State Flag Day.
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Updated: October 3, 2026