Independence of Uzbekistan (1991)

Uzbek became the state language in 1989 and the republic declared sovereignty in 1990. After the failed August coup in Moscow, the Supreme Council proclaimed Uzbekistan's state independence on 31 August 1991.

Independence was confirmed by a national referendum in December 1991. The first constitution was adopted on 8 December 1992, and a new constitution approved by referendum came into force in 2023.

Independence Day, 1 September, is the country's main holiday, celebrated in Tashkent with concerts, fireworks and festivities.